Participation

Since the beginning of the survey, 1,043 Single caregivers have participated in RAPID.

Demographics

Age

Income

Income is presented in thousands of dollars per year.

p-values adjusted for multiple comparisons using a Holm correction
income.cat statistic p.value
< 20k 556.19 < .001
20k-40k 56.77 < .001
40k-60k 5.74 .017
60k-80k 38.85 < .001
80k-100k 47.22 < .001
100k-150k 102.75 < .001
150k-200k 39.38 < .001
200k+ 19.39 < .001

Poverty

p-values adjusted for multiple comparisons using a Holm correction
poverty_cat statistic p.value
Above 1.5 x FPL 382.86 < .001
Below 1.5 x FPL 382.86 < .001

Employment

Employment change

p-values adjusted for multiple comparisons using a Holm correction
employment_change statistic p.value
Became Employed 0.08 > .999
Became Unemployed 9.97 .006
Stable Employed 0.00 > .999
Stable Other 21.85 < .001
Stable Unemployed 7.25 .021

Race

Ethnicity

p-values adjusted for multiple comparisons using a Holm correction
latinx_cat statistic p.value
non-Latinx 0.66 .830
Latinx 0.66 .830

Single parent households

Mental health (raw scores)

Caregiver

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-6.25 41.79 48.03 -7.09 < .001 1353.58 -7.97 -4.52 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

effect group term estimate std.error statistic p.value
fixed (Intercept) 43.01 0.32 132.62 < .001
fixed SP1 0.86 0.02 42.94 < .001
fixed group_fSingle 6.77 0.87 7.78 < .001
fixed SP2 -0.21 0.03 -6.82 < .001
fixed SP1:group_fSingle 0.08 0.06 1.32 .188
fixed group_fSingle:SP2 -0.03 0.10 -0.28 .777
ran_pars CaregiverID sd__(Intercept) 18.25
ran_pars Residual sd__Observation 14.02

Correlates of

Test

Significance of linear model using variable to predict mental health within Single caregivers
Variable Within group Difference between group and sample
material_hardship < .001 .059
work_status .020 < .001
age .096 .172
race_ethnic < .001 .081
income.cat .571 .901
poverty_cat .176 < .001

Figures (within sample)

## [[1]]
## [[1]]$material_hardship

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## [[2]]$work_status

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## [[3]]$race_ethnic

Figures (between sample)

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Anxiety

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-3.92 39.26 43.18 -3.55 < .001 1359.99 -6.08 -1.76 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Depression

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-6.83 28.23 35.06 -6.79 < .001 1355.64 -8.81 -4.86 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Stress

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-5.68 53.38 59.06 -5.07 < .001 1388.39 -7.88 -3.49 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Loneliness

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-8.56 46.29 54.85 -8.73 < .001 1349.14 -10.48 -6.64 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

## [1] "### Text-based (average)"

Text-based (average)

## [1] "### Text-based (Over time)"

Text-based (Over time)

Child

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-5.99 37.94 43.92 -5.85 < .001 1344.98 -8 -3.98 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Fussy

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-5.14 50.47 55.61 -4.37 < .001 1368.48 -7.44 -2.83 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Fear

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-6.85 25.36 32.22 -5.72 < .001 1328.25 -9.2 -4.5 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Mental health (change scores)

Caregiver

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
0.56 12.23 11.67 0.78 .435 1345.81 -0.85 1.98 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

effect group term estimate std.error statistic p.value
fixed (Intercept) 16.25 0.26 63.70 < .001
fixed SP1 0.86 0.02 45.44 < .001
fixed group_fSingle 0.92 0.72 1.27 .202
fixed SP2 -0.23 0.03 -8.03 < .001
fixed SP1:group_fSingle 0.09 0.05 1.63 .103
fixed group_fSingle:SP2 -0.07 0.09 -0.73 .468
ran_pars CaregiverID sd__(Intercept) 10.99
ran_pars Residual sd__Observation 13.69

Correlates of

Test

Significance of linear model using variable to predict mental health within Single caregivers
Variable Within group Difference between group and sample
material_hardship < .001 .059
work_status .147 < .001
age .600 .172
race_ethnic < .001 .081
income.cat .174 .901
poverty_cat .003 < .001

Figures (within sample)

## [[1]]
## [[1]]$material_hardship

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## [[2]]$race_ethnic

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## [[3]]$poverty_cat

Figures (between sample)

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Anxiety

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
2.16 11.28 9.12 2.26 .024 1369.72 0.29 4.03 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Depression

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
0.63 9.54 8.91 0.76 .447 1365.04 -0.99 2.24 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Stress

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
0.28 16.36 16.08 0.26 .793 1369.44 -1.83 2.4 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Loneliness

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
0.28 16.36 16.08 0.26 .793 1369.44 -1.83 2.4 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Child

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-2.54 10.36 12.9 -2.8 .005 1344.94 -4.32 -0.76 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Fussy

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-1.53 12.73 14.26 -1.38 .167 1373.42 -3.69 0.64 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Fear

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-3.45 7.97 11.43 -3.4 .001 1355.39 -5.45 -1.46 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Material hardship

Overall

Types of hardship

t-tests comparing hardship across groups. p-values adjusted for multiple comparisons using a Holm correction.
category difference statistic p.value df
food -0.1955573 -9.205680 < .001 735.8958
house -0.2230477 -10.755608 < .001 795.5933
utilities -0.2418534 -12.273855 < .001 922.1147
healthcare -0.0876596 -4.195687 < .001 506.7628
social -0.1369429 -6.413521 < .001 524.0599
emotional -0.1454542 -6.738657 < .001 543.5696
childcare -0.2142315 -9.914291 < .001 559.8502
other -0.0930269 -5.319395 < .001 415.8895

By Week

## [1] "## Chain Reaction{.tabset}"

Chain Reaction

mediation model within group
term estimate std.error p.value
acme_0 7.162 0.964 0
acme_1 7.162 0.964 0
ade_0 6.342 1.805 0
ade_1 6.342 1.805 0 
## 
##  Test of ACME(covariates.1) - ACME(covariates.2) = 0
## 
## data:  estimates from Mod.Med_test
## ACME(covariates.1) - ACME(covariates.2) = -0.18626, p-value = 1
## alternative hypothesis: true ACME(covariates.1) - ACME(covariates.2) is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -1.628030  1.407679
## 
## 
##  Test of ADE(covariates.1) - ADE(covariates.2) = 0
## 
## data:  estimates from Mod.Med_test
## ADE(covariates.1) - ADE(covariates.2) = -3.0095, p-value = 0.22
## alternative hypothesis: true ADE(covariates.1) - ADE(covariates.2) is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -6.408238  1.195705

Correlations

Within r params$grp.name caregivers

Childcare

On average

Type of childcare (average)

Type of childcare (over time)

By week

Discrimination

Concerns for children (average)

Concerns for children (over time)

Caregiver well-being

The relationship between well-being and concerns for children is NOT significantly different for Single caregivers

Child well-being

The relationship between child well-being and concerns for children is NOT significantly different for Single caregivers

Discrimination (average)

Discrimination (over time)

Caregiver well-being

The relationship between well-being and discrimination for children is NOT significantly different for Single caregivers

Child well-being

The relationship between child well-being and discrimination for children is NOT significantly different for Single caregivers